Wednesday, 28 June 2006

co.combinatorics - Asymptotics of q-Catalan numbers

It's not hard to compute numerical values. If you do this, in the regime 0<q<1 it looks like Cn grows exponentially, i. e. Cnsimalphaqbetaqn for some constants alphaq and betaq which depend on q.



Unfortunately, I don't know what alphaq and betaq are. For example, when q = 1/2 the ratio Cn/Cn1 approaches a constant which is approximately 1.6022827223; I claim this is beta1/2. Then C50/beta1/250=0.5757566503, which I claim is alpha1/2. Neither of these constants appears in the inverse symbolic calculator.



The generating function C(q,z)=C0+C1z+C2z2+ldots, where the Cn are q-Catalan numbers, ought to satisfy some functional equation, and then one could use techniques from singularity analysis (see, for example, Analytic Combinatorics by Flajolet and Sedgewick). But I am having trouble finding that functional equation.

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