The space itself is falling into the black hole. Below the event horizon - in the timelike zone - an observer is falling towards the singularity, together with the space.
Seen from this falling observer, space looks like vacuum outside the black hole. Close to the singularity tidal forces become an increasing problem. But for a sufficiently large and "benign" black hole, an observation can't locally distinguish between spacetime inside and spacetime outside the black hole.
Otherwise it would violate the principle of relativity.
So - seen from the falling observer - we get short-lived virtual particles, as in usual vacuum. Due to space-time curvature, the segment of vacuum in the black hole isn't perfectly symmetric, including quantum fluctuations.
This tiny asymmetry results in (few) real particles, when seen from outside the black hole, when applied to the (light-like) zone near the event horizon.
It should be fundamentally possible to probe the tiny asymmetry of the resonances with particle experiments.
An observer hovering just below the event horizon would be tachyonic in the in-falling spacetime.
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