Motivation: Suppose we have deRham curve. From wikipedia:
Consider some metric space (M,d) (generally R2 with the usual euclidean distance), and a pair of contraction mappings on M:
d0:MtoM
d1:MtoM
By the Banach fixed point theorem, these have fixed points p0 and p1 respectively. Let x be a real number in the interval [0,1], having binary expansion
x=sumik=1nftyfracbk2k
where each bk is 0 or 1. Consider the map cx:MtoM defined by
cx=db1circdb2circ...circdbkcirc...
where circ denotes function composition.
It can be shown that each cx will map the common basin of attraction of d0 and d1 to a single point px in M. The collection of points px, parameterized by a single real parameter x, is known as the de Rham curve.
Such curve may be continuous, and we know when it happened. One of the examples of deRham curves is the Minkowski question mark function ?(x), which may be defined as function from Stern-Brocot tree to dyadic rationals. As a deRham curve it is defined by
d0(z)=fraczz+1quadrmandquadd1(z)=frac1z+1
?(x) is continuous function of x, and even has explicit formula for inverse function, so it is bijection!
Question: Let's define deRham curve for domain M=[0,1]times[0,1] with standard metric ( as a subset of R2). What requirements have to be set on functions d0(x) and d0(x) defining deRham curve (or on other objects) in order to obtain deRham curve which is function and bijection from [0,1] to [0,1]?
Remarks:
Indeed: as new user I was able to add only one link, so I decide to omit deRham and insert ?(x) function.
[0,1] here is set of real numbers a such that 0leqaleq1. Yes, it was a mistake, thank You for pointing!
@Yemon Choi - As You may see, Minkowski question mark function ?(x) is deRham curve and normal function as well. So some deRham curves are both continuous curve defined in M=[0,1]times[0,1] ( and we know when - see wikipedia definition) and good functions from [0,1] to [0,1]. Probably other example is Cantor curve which is MtoM and normal function simultaneously - and its even continuous. Also Blancmange curve is deRham curve and simultaneously normal function but not has inverse since it take the same values for different argument. If You consider function definition then You may see that function F between X and Y is a relation on XxY which is functional, which means: "functional (also called right-definite or right-unique1): for all x in X, and y and z in Y it holds that if xRy and xRz then y = z." So I don't see here any conceptual problems but rather only formal ones.
Maybe I should describe my motivation: General picture is that: some deRham curves on M=[0,1]times[0,1] gives a functions from [0,1]to[0,1] ( when?) and some of them are even bijections. It is interesting which are bijections because such kind of curves defines in natural ( even if complicated) way some coding for representing real numbers by simple alphabet - You may see wikipedia discussion about relation between ?(x) and coding of the rationals on Stern-Brockot tree. Every number in Stern-Brockot binary tree may be represented by sequence of letters LRRRLRRLLL... depicting the path from the root of the tree to the number. So as in this way You may wrote every rational number, and even every real if You include infinite sequences. This way You may have some "non-positional system" for representing numbers - in this place in fact You have system based on continuous fractions. Then deRham curves seems to me as natural way of generalization of such structure to other kind of "non-positional systems".It is interesting whether it is structure with many examples of such bijections or maybe ?(x) and Cantor curve - are the only ones. How big is that space of bijections? Are there any which allows faster computations? Or maybe more accurate or with less memory requirements to represent some kind of rationals or real numbers??
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