Monday, 15 October 2007

ac.commutative algebra - Atiyah-MacDonald, exercise 7.19 - "decomposition using irreducible ideals"

An ideal mathfrakamathfraka is called irreducible if mathfraka=mathfrakbcapmathfrakcmathfraka=mathfrakbcapmathfrakc implies mathfraka=mathfrakbmathfraka=mathfrakb or mathfraka=mathfrakcmathfraka=mathfrakc. Atiyah-MacDonald Lemma 7.11 says that in a Noetherian ring, every ideal is a finite intersection of irreducible ideals. Exercise 7.19 is about the uniqueness of such a decomposition.



7.19. Let mathfrakamathfraka be an ideal in a noetherian ring. Let
mathfraka=capri=1mathfrakbi=capsj=1mathfrakcjmathfraka=capri=1mathfrakbi=capsj=1mathfrakcj be two minimal decompositions of mathfrakamathfraka as an intersection of irreducible ideals. [I assume minimal means that none of the ideals can be omitted from the intersection.] Prove that r=sr=s and that (possibly after reindexing) sqrtmathfrakbi=sqrtmathfrakcisqrtmathfrakbi=sqrtmathfrakci for all ii.



Comments: It's true that every irreducible ideal in a Noetherian ring is primary (Lemma 7.12), but I don't think our result follows from the analogous statement about primary decomposition. For example, here is Example 8.6 from Hassett's textitIntroductiontoAlgebraicGeometrytextitIntroductiontoAlgebraicGeometry.



8.6 Consider I=(x2,xy,y2)subsetk[x,y]I=(x2,xy,y2)subsetk[x,y]. We have I=(y,x2)cap(y2,x)=(y+x,x2)cap(x,(y+x)2),I=(y,x2)cap(y2,x)=(y+x,x2)cap(x,(y+x)2), and all these ideals (other than II) are irreducible.



If my interpretation of "minimal" is correct, then this is a minimal decomposition using irreducible ideals, but it is not a minimal primary decomposition, because the radicals are not distinct: they all equal (x,y)(x,y).



There is a hint in the textbook: Show that for each i=1,ldots,ri=1,ldots,r, there exists jj such that mathfraka=mathfrakb1capcdotscapmathfrakbi1capmathfrakcjcapmathfrakbi+1capcdotscapmathfrakbr.mathfraka=mathfrakb1capcdotscapmathfrakbi1capmathfrakcjcapmathfrakbi+1capcdotscapmathfrakbr. I was not able to prove the hint.



I promise this exercise is not from my homework.



Update. There doesn't seem to be much interest in my exercise. I've looked at various solution sets on the internet, and I believe they all make the mistake of assuming that a minimal irreducible decomposition is a minimal primary decomposition. Does anyone know of a reference which discusses irreducible ideals? Some google searches have produced Hassett's book that I mention above and not much else.

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