An ideal mathfraka is called irreducible if mathfraka=mathfrakbcapmathfrakc implies mathfraka=mathfrakb or mathfraka=mathfrakc. Atiyah-MacDonald Lemma 7.11 says that in a Noetherian ring, every ideal is a finite intersection of irreducible ideals. Exercise 7.19 is about the uniqueness of such a decomposition.
7.19. Let mathfraka be an ideal in a noetherian ring. Let
mathfraka=capri=1mathfrakbi=capsj=1mathfrakcj be two minimal decompositions of mathfraka as an intersection of irreducible ideals. [I assume minimal means that none of the ideals can be omitted from the intersection.] Prove that r=s and that (possibly after reindexing) sqrtmathfrakbi=sqrtmathfrakci for all i.
Comments: It's true that every irreducible ideal in a Noetherian ring is primary (Lemma 7.12), but I don't think our result follows from the analogous statement about primary decomposition. For example, here is Example 8.6 from Hassett's textitIntroductiontoAlgebraicGeometry.
8.6 Consider I=(x2,xy,y2)subsetk[x,y]. We have I=(y,x2)cap(y2,x)=(y+x,x2)cap(x,(y+x)2), and all these ideals (other than I) are irreducible.
If my interpretation of "minimal" is correct, then this is a minimal decomposition using irreducible ideals, but it is not a minimal primary decomposition, because the radicals are not distinct: they all equal (x,y).
There is a hint in the textbook: Show that for each i=1,ldots,r, there exists j such that mathfraka=mathfrakb1capcdotscapmathfrakbi−1capmathfrakcjcapmathfrakbi+1capcdotscapmathfrakbr. I was not able to prove the hint.
I promise this exercise is not from my homework.
Update. There doesn't seem to be much interest in my exercise. I've looked at various solution sets on the internet, and I believe they all make the mistake of assuming that a minimal irreducible decomposition is a minimal primary decomposition. Does anyone know of a reference which discusses irreducible ideals? Some google searches have produced Hassett's book that I mention above and not much else.
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